FULL BASIC TEST
RM80.00
The Full Basic Test comprehensively evaluates vital health indicators to assess overall health and detect potential issues. It includes: 1)Full Blood Count (FBC) 2)Renal Function Test (RFT) 3)Liver Function Test (LFT) 4)Lipid Profile 5)Glucose (GLU) 6)Urine Full Examination (UFEME)
Hemoglobin is a protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are the most common type of blood cells. They contain hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be exhaled.
White blood cells (WBCs), or leukocytes, are cells of the immune system that protect the body against infectious diseases and foreign invaders. They are produced in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood and lymphatic system.
Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting and wound healing. They are produced in the bone marrow and play a crucial role in hemostasis.
Packed cell volume (PCV), or hematocrit, refers to the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It is a measure used to assess the concentration of red blood cells in the bloodstream.
Mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) is the average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. It is a crucial parameter in evaluating the amount of hemoglobin within red blood cells, which affects their oxygen-carrying capacity.
Mean cell volume (MCV) is the average volume of red blood cells in a blood sample. It is a crucial indicator used to classify different types of anemia based on the size of red blood cells.
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration refers to the average concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction in the body.
Potassium is a mineral that your body needs to work properly. It’s a type of electrolyte, which means it carries an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids like blood. Potassium helps regulate fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signals.
Chloride is an ion formed from the element chlorine. It is commonly found in the body as part of salt (sodium chloride) and plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and pH balance.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): Urea nitrogen is a normal waste product in your blood that comes from the breakdown of protein from the foods you eat and from your body's metabolism. It is normally removed from your blood by your kidneys, but when kidney function slows down, the BUN level rises. BUN can also rise if you eat more protein, and it can fall if you eat less protein. Urine Protein: When your kidneys are damaged, protein leaks into your urine. A simple test can be done to detect protein in your urine. Persistent protein in the urine is an early sign of chronic kidney disease.
Uric acid is a waste product formed from the breakdown of purines, which are substances found in certain foods and tissues. It is normally excreted through the kidneys in urine. Elevated levels of uric acid in the blood can lead to conditions like gout or kidney stones.
Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles from the breakdown of a compound called creatine phosphate. It is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine. Creatinine levels in the blood can indicate how well the kidneys are functioning.
Phosphate is a mineral that plays a crucial role in the formation of bones and teeth. It is also essential for energy metabolism, nerve function, and maintaining acid-base balance in the body. Phosphate is found in many foods, especially dairy products, meat, and whole grains.
Calcium is a mineral that is essential for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth. It also plays a crucial role in muscle function, nerve transmission, and hormone secretion. Calcium is primarily obtained from dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) using CKD-EPI equation is a calculation that estimates how well the kidneys are filtering blood. It takes into account factors such as serum creatinine level, age, sex, and ethnicity to provide an estimate of kidney function.
Total protein refers to the measurement of the total amount of protein present in the blood serum or plasma. It includes albumin and globulins, which are essential for various functions including maintaining osmotic balance and supporting immune function.
Albumin is a protein synthesized by the liver and found in the blood plasma. It helps maintain osmotic pressure, transports substances like hormones and drugs, and regulates pH balance.
Globulin are a group of proteins found in the blood plasma, synthesized primarily in the liver. They include antibodies (immunoglobulins) and other proteins involved in immune response, as well as transport of substances like hormones and lipids.
Total Bilirubin refers to the combined measurement of both direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin in the blood. It is a waste product produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells.
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme found in the liver, bones, kidneys, and digestive system. It is involved in processes such as bone mineralization and liver function.
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of glutathione and other gamma-glutamyl compounds, often used as a marker for liver function.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), also known as Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), is an enzyme primarily found in liver cells. It plays a key role in amino acid metabolism, and its levels in the blood are used to assess liver health and diagnose liver diseases or damage.
Fasting blood glucose is the level of glucose in the blood measured after a period of fasting, usually 8-12 hours without eating or drinking anything except water.
Total cholesterol refers to the overall amount of cholesterol present in the blood. It includes both high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (often referred to as “good” cholesterol) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (“bad” cholesterol).
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in your blood. They are the main form of fat stored in the body and are derived from the food we eat. Elevated levels of triglycerides can increase the risk of heart disease and other health problems.
HDL (high-density lipoproteins), or “good” cholesterol, may protect the body against narrowing blood vessels.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, commonly referred to as 'bad' cholesterol. Elevated LDL levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Lipoproteins, which are combinations of fats (lipids) and proteins, are the form in which lipids are transported in the blood.
The Cholesterol/HDL ratio is calculated by dividing your total cholesterol level by your HDL cholesterol level. It is used as a marker of cardiovascular risk, with lower ratios indicating lower risk.
Non–HDL cholesterol is simply defined as the difference between total and HDL cholesterol and, thus, represents cholesterol carried on all of the potentially proatherogenic apoB-containing particles [primarily VLDL, IDL, and LDL as well as chylomicron remnants and lipoprotein].
Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of the variation in size of red blood cells. It is used to assess the uniformity of red blood cell sizes in a blood sample, which can provide insights into various types of anemia.
Neutrophils% represents the percentage of neutrophils in the total white blood cell count. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are essential for combating bacterial infections.
Lymphocytes% represents the percentage of lymphocytes in the total white blood cell count. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that includes T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells, crucial for immune defense and antibody production.
Monocytes% represents the percentage of monocytes in the total white blood cell count. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that is crucial for immune responses, including phagocytosis and antigen presentation.
Eosinophils% represents the percentage of eosinophils in the total white blood cell count. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a role in allergic reactions and defense against parasitic infections.
Basophils% represents the percentage of basophils in the total white blood cell count. Basophils are a type of white blood cell that release histamine and other chemicals involved in allergic responses and inflammation.
Neutrophils (absolute value) refers to the actual number of neutrophils present in a microliter of blood. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are essential for fighting bacterial infections.
Lymphocytes (absolute value) refers to the actual number of lymphocytes present in a microliter of blood. Lymphocytes are a key component of the immune system, comprising T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells, involved in immune response and antibody production.
Monocytes (absolute value) refers to the actual number of monocytes present in a microliter of blood. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell involved in immune response, including phagocytosis and antigen.
Eosinophils (absolute value) refers to the actual number of eosinophils present in a microliter of blood. Eosinophils are white blood cells that play a role in immune responses, particularly in combating parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
Basophils (absolute value) refers to the actual number of basophils present in a microliter of blood. Basophils are a type of white blood cell that release histamine and other chemicals involved in allergic reactions and inflammatory responses.
The Albumin-Globulin (A/G) ratio is a measure that compares the levels of albumin to globulins in the blood. It helps assess the overall protein status and can indicate certain health conditions when interpreted alongside other clinical findings.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), also known as Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), is an enzyme found in various tissues such as the liver, heart, muscles, kidneys, and brain. It plays a crucial role in amino acid metabolism and is often measured in blood tests to assess liver function and diagnose conditions like liver disease or heart attacks.
Adjusted calcium is a calculation that corrects serum calcium levels based on the albumin concentration in the blood. It provides a more accurate reflection of the biologically active calcium in the body.
Urine microscopic appearance refers to the examination of urine under a microscope to observe the presence of cells, crystals, casts, and other particles that may indicate various health conditions.
The color of urine can vary and is influenced by factors such as hydration, diet, medications, and health conditions. Normal urine color ranges from pale yellow to deep amber, depending on its concentration.
Urine pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline urine is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. A pH below 7 indicates acidic urine, while a pH above 7 indicates alkaline urine.
Urine specific gravity is a measure of the concentration of solutes in urine compared to water. It reflects the kidney’s ability to concentrate urine, with higher values indicating more concentrated urine (higher solute concentration) and lower values indicating more dilute urine.
Urine ketones refer to the presence of ketone bodies in the urine, which can be detected through laboratory testing. Ketone bodies are produced when the body breaks down fats for energy instead of glucose. Elevated levels of urine ketones may indicate conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), fasting, or a low-carbohydrate diet.
Urine blood refers to the presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the urine, which can be detected through laboratory testing. It may indicate conditions such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, trauma to the urinary tract, or kidney disease.
Urine bilirubin refers to the presence of bilirubin in the urine, which can be detected through laboratory testing. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. Elevated levels of urine bilirubin may indicate liver diseases such as hepatitis or obstruction of the bile ducts.
Urine urobilinogen is a substance formed from the breakdown of bilirubin in the intestines by bacteria. It is excreted in the urine and can be detected through laboratory testing. Normal levels of urobilinogen in urine indicate proper liver function and normal breakdown of red blood cells.
Urine nitrite is a test used to detect bacteria in urine that convert nitrate to nitrite. It is a common screening test for urinary tract infections (UTIs), as certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), produce nitrite as a byproduct.
Urine leukocytes, or white blood cells in urine, are inflammatory cells that can be detected through laboratory testing. Their presence may indicate an infection or inflammation in the urinary tract, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Microscopic red blood cells in urine refer to the presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells) that are observed under a microscope during urine analysis. Their presence may indicate various conditions such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, trauma to the urinary tract, or kidney disease.
Microscopic white blood cells in urine refer to the presence of leukocytes (white blood cells) that can be observed under a microscope during urine analysis. Their presence indicates inflammation or infection in the urinary tract, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Microscopic epithelial cells in urine refer to the presence of cells that line the surfaces of structures within the urinary tract, such as the bladder, ureters, and urethra. These cells can be observed under a microscope during urine analysis.
Microscopic casts in urine are cylindrical structures formed in the kidney tubules. They are composed of various substances, such as protein or cells, and can indicate kidney disease or damage. They can be observed under a microscope during urine analysis.
Microscopic crystals in urine are tiny solid particles that form when substances in urine, such as minerals or salts, crystallize. They can be observed under a microscope during urine analysis.
Microscopic mucus in urine refers to strands or clumps of mucus that are visible under a microscope during urine analysis. Mucus can be produced by various parts of the urinary tract and its presence may indicate inflammation or irritation.
“Microscopic others” in urine analysis refer to less common microscopic findings that may include yeast cells, parasites, artifacts, or other unusual elements observed under a microscope during urine examination.
Urine glucose refers to the presence of sugar (glucose) in the urine, which can be detected through laboratory testing. Normally, glucose is filtered by the kidneys and reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. However, when blood glucose levels are elevated (as in diabetes mellitus), the kidneys may not reabsorb all the glucose, leading to its presence in the urine.
Urine protein refers to the presence of proteins in urine that can be detected through laboratory testing. Normally, only a small amount of protein may be present in urine, but higher levels can indicate kidney damage or disease.